What is the main function of the Electoral College in presidential elections?

The main function of the Electoral College in presidential elections is to officially elect the president. The Electoral College is a unique system established by the U.S. Constitution, where each state is assigned a number of electors based on its representation in Congress. When citizens cast their votes in a presidential election, they are actually voting for a slate of electors pledged to support a specific candidate.

These electors then meet in their respective state capitals in December to cast their votes for president and vice president. This vote is what ultimately determines who is elected to the presidency, making the Electoral College a critical component of the election process.

Other options describe related electoral processes but do not accurately capture the primary role of the Electoral College itself. Primaries and caucuses are methods for selecting party candidates, while the general election serves as the mechanism for the public to express their preferences. Appointing members to the Supreme Court is not related to the Electoral College's function at all.