How can the Constitution be amended?

The process for amending the Constitution is outlined in Article V, which specifies that an amendment can be proposed either by a two-thirds majority vote in both the House of Representatives and the Senate or by a constitutional convention called for by two-thirds of the state legislatures. However, the most common method used for proposing amendments is indeed through the two-thirds majority in both houses of Congress.

After an amendment is proposed, it must then be ratified by three-fourths of the state legislatures or by conventions in three-fourths of the states. This rigorous process ensures that any changes to the Constitution reflect a broad consensus and are not made lightly, protecting the foundational document of the government from being altered without significant support.

Other options, such as amending the Constitution through a simple majority in the Senate or by presidential executive order, do not align with the established constitutional procedures. Similarly, changes through a voter referendum are not permissible for constitutional amendments, as this process is specifically reserved for Congress and the state legislatures.